From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
rough
adv 1: with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal
variant for `roughly'); "he was pushed roughly aside";
"they treated him rough" [syn: roughly, rough]
2: with rough motion as over a rough surface; "ride rough" [syn:
roughly, rough]
adj 1: having or caused by an irregular surface; "trees with
rough bark"; "rough ground"; "rough skin"; "rough
blankets"; "his unsmooth face" [syn: rough, unsmooth]
[ant: smooth]
2: (of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse; "she
was a diamond in the rough"; "rough manners"
3: not quite exact or correct; "the approximate time was 10
o'clock"; "a rough guess"; "a ballpark estimate" [syn:
approximate, approximative, rough]
4: full of hardship or trials; "the rocky road to success";
"they were having a rough time" [syn: rocky, rough]
5: violently agitated and turbulent; "boisterous winds and
waves"; "the fierce thunders roar me their music"- Ezra
Pound; "rough weather"; "rough seas" [syn: boisterous,
fierce, rough]
6: unpleasantly harsh or grating in sound; "a gravelly voice"
[syn: grating, gravelly, rasping, raspy, rough,
scratchy]
7: ready and able to resort to force or violence; "pugnacious
spirits...lamented that there was so little prospect of an
exhilarating disturbance"- Herman Melville; "they were rough
and determined fighting men" [syn: pugnacious, rough]
8: of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or fringed
or scalloped [ant: smooth]
9: causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements; "a
rough ride" [syn: rough, rocky, bumpy, jolty,
jolting, jumpy] [ant: smooth]
10: not shaped by cutting or trimming; "an uncut diamond";
"rough gemstones" [syn: uncut, rough] [ant: cut]
11: not carefully or expertly made; "managed to make a crude
splint"; "a crude cabin of logs with bark still on them";
"rough carpentry" [syn: crude, rough]
12: not perfected; "a rough draft"; "a few rough sketches"
13: unpleasantly stern; "wild and harsh country full of hot sand
and cactus"; "the nomad life is rough and hazardous" [syn:
harsh, rough]
14: unkind or cruel or uncivil; "had harsh words"; "a harsh and
unlovable old tyrant"; "a rough answer" [syn: harsh,
rough]
n 1: the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the
grass is not cut short
v 1: prepare in preliminary or sketchy form [syn: rough in,
rough, rough out]
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Rough \Rough\, n.
1. Boisterous weather. [Obs.] --Fletcher.
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2. A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
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In the rough, in an unwrought or rude condition;
unpolished; as, a diamond or a sketch in the rough.
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Contemplating the people in the rough. --Mrs.
Browning.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Rough \Rough\, adv.
In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
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Sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in
their boats. --Sir W.
Scott.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Rough \Rough\, a. [Compar. Rougher; superl. Roughest.] [OE.
rou?, rou, row, rugh, ruh, AS. r?h; akin to LG. rug, D. rug,
D. ruig, ruw, OHG. r?h, G. rauh, rauch; cf. Lith. raukas
wrinkle, rukti to wrinkle. [root] 18. Cf. Rug, n.]
1. Having inequalities, small ridges, or points, on the
surface; not smooth or plain; as, a rough board; a rough
stone; rough cloth. Specifically:
(a) Not level; having a broken surface; uneven; -- said of
a piece of land, or of a road. "Rough, uneven ways."
--Shak.
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(b) Not polished; uncut; -- said of a gem; as, a rough
diamond.
(c) Tossed in waves; boisterous; high; -- said of a sea or
other piece of water.
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More unequal than the roughest sea. --T. Burnet.
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(d) Marked by coarseness; shaggy; ragged; disordered; --
said of dress, appearance, or the like; as, a rough
coat. "A visage rough." --Dryden. "Roughsatyrs."
--Milton.
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2. Hence, figuratively, lacking refinement, gentleness, or
polish. Specifically:
(a) Not courteous or kind; harsh; rude; uncivil; as, a
rough temper.
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A fiend, a fury, pitiless and rough. --Shak.
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A surly boatman, rough as wayes or winds.
--Prior.
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(b) Marked by severity or violence; harsh; hard; as, rough
measures or actions.
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On the rough edge of battle. --Milton.
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A quicker and rougher remedy. --Clarendon.
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Kind words prevent a good deal of that
perverseness which rough and imperious usage
often produces. --Locke.
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(c) Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating;
-- said of sound, voice, and the like; as, a rough
tone; rough numbers. --Pope.
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(d) Austere; harsh to the taste; as, rough wine.
(e) Tempestuous; boisterous; stormy; as, rough weather; a
rough day.
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He stayeth his rough wind. --Isa. xxvii.
8.
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Time and the hour runs through the roughest day.
--Shak.
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(f) Hastily or carelessly done; wanting finish;
incomplete; as, a rough estimate; a rough draught.
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Rough diamond, an uncut diamond; hence, colloquially, a
person of intrinsic worth under a rude exterior.
Rough and ready.
(a) Acting with offhand promptness and efficiency. "The
rough and ready understanding." --Lowell.
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(b) Produced offhand. "Some rough and ready theory."
--Tylor.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Rough \Rough\, v. t.
1. To render rough; to roughen.
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2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes.
--Crabb.
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3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; -- with out; as,
to rough out a carving, a sketch.
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Roughing rolls, rolls for reducing, in a rough manner, a
bloom of iron to bars.
To rough it, to endure hard conditions of living; to live
without ordinary comforts.
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