From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Judge \Judge\ (j[u^]j), n. [OE. juge, OF. & F. juge, fr. OF.
jugier, F. juger, to judge. See Judge, v. i.]
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1. (Law) A public officer who is invested with authority to
hear and determine litigated causes, and to administer
justice between parties in courts held for that purpose.
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The parts of a judge in hearing are four: to direct
the evidence; to moderate length, repetition, or
impertinency of speech; to recapitulate, select, and
collate the material points of that which hath been
said; and to give the rule or sentence. --Bacon.
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2. One who has skill, knowledge, or experience, sufficient to
decide on the merits of a question, or on the quality or
value of anything; one who discerns properties or
relations with skill and readiness; a connoisseur; an
expert; a critic.
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A man who is no judge of law may be a good judge of
poetry, or eloquence, or of the merits of a
painting. --Dryden.
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3. A person appointed to decide in a trial of skill, speed,
etc., between two or more parties; an umpire; as, a judge
in a horse race.
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4. (Jewish Hist.) One of the supreme magistrates, with both
civil and military powers, who governed Israel for more
than four hundred years.
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5. pl. The title of the seventh book of the Old Testament;
the Book of Judges.
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Judge Advocate (Mil. & Nav.), a person appointed to act as
prosecutor at a court-martial; he acts as the
representative of the government, as the responsible
adviser of the court, and also, to a certain extent, as
counsel for the accused, when he has no other counsel.
Judge-Advocate General, in the United States, the title of
two officers, one attached to the War Department and
having the rank of brigadier general, the other attached
to the Navy Department and having the rank of colonel of
marines or captain in the navy. The first is chief of the
Bureau of Military Justice of the army, the other performs
a similar duty for the navy. In England, the designation
of a member of the ministry who is the legal adviser of
the secretary of state for war, and supreme judge of the
proceedings of courts-martial.
Syn: Judge, Umpire, Arbitrator, Referee.
Usage: A judge, in the legal sense, is a magistrate appointed
to determine questions of law. An umpire is a person
selected to decide between two or more who contend for
a prize. An arbitrator is one chosen to allot to two
contestants their portion of a claim, usually on
grounds of equity and common sense. A referee is one
to whom a case is referred for final adjustment.
Arbitrations and references are sometimes voluntary,
sometimes appointed by a court.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Judge \Judge\, v. t.
1. To hear and determine by authority, as a case before a
court, or a controversy between two parties. "Chaos
[shall] judge the strife." --Milton.
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2. To examine and pass sentence on; to try; to doom.
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God shall judge the righteous and the wicked.
--Eccl. iii.
7.
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To bring my whole cause 'fore his holiness,
And to be judged by him. --Shak.
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3. To arrogate judicial authority over; to sit in judgment
upon; to be censorious toward.
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Judge not, that ye be not judged. --Matt. vii.
1.
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4. To determine upon or deliberation; to esteem; to think; to
reckon.
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If ye have judged me to be faithful to the Lord.
--Acts xvi.
15.
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5. To exercise the functions of a magistrate over; to govern.
[Obs.]
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Make us a king to judge us. --1 Sam. viii.
5.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Judge \Judge\, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Judged (j[u^]jd); p. pr. &
vb. n. Judging.] [OE. jugen, OF. jugier, F. juger, L.
judicare, fr. judex judge; jus law or right + dicare to
proclaim, pronounce, akin to dicere to say. See Just, a.,
and Diction, and cf. Judicial.]
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1. To hear and determine, as in causes on trial; to decide as
a judge; to give judgment; to pass sentence.
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The Lord judge between thee and me. --Gen. xvi. 5.
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Father, who art judge
Of all things made, and judgest only right!
--Milton.
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2. To assume the right to pass judgment on another; to sit in
judgment or commendation; to criticise or pass adverse
judgment upon others. See Judge, v. t., 3.
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Forbear to judge, for we are sinners all. --Shak.
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3. To compare facts or ideas, and perceive their relations
and attributes, and thus distinguish truth from falsehood;
to determine; to discern; to distinguish; to form an
opinion about.
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Judge not according to the appearance. --John vii.
24.
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She is wise if I can judge of her. --Shak.
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From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
judge
n 1: a public official authorized to decide questions brought
before a court of justice [syn: judge, justice,
jurist]
2: an authority who is able to estimate worth or quality [syn:
evaluator, judge]
v 1: determine the result of (a competition)
2: form a critical opinion of; "I cannot judge some works of
modern art"; "How do you evaluate this grant proposal?" "We
shouldn't pass judgment on other people" [syn: evaluate,
pass judgment, judge]
3: judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or
time); "I estimate this chicken to weigh three pounds" [syn:
estimate, gauge, approximate, guess, judge]
4: pronounce judgment on; "They labeled him unfit to work here"
[syn: pronounce, label, judge]
5: put on trial or hear a case and sit as the judge at the trial
of; "The football star was tried for the murder of his wife";
"The judge tried both father and son in separate trials"
[syn: judge, adjudicate, try]