From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Extraction \Ex*trac"tion\, n. [Cf. F. extraction.]
1. The act of extracting, or drawing out; as, the extraction
of a tooth, of a bone or an arrow from the body, of a
stump from earth, of a passage from a book, of an essence
or tincture.
[1913 Webster]
2. Derivation from a stock or family; lineage; descent;
birth; the stock from which one has descended. "A family
of ancient extraction." --Clarendon.
[1913 Webster]
3. That which is extracted; extract; essence.
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They [books] do preserve as in a vial the purest
efficacy and extraction of that living intellect
that bred them. --Milton.
[1913 Webster]
The extraction of roots. (Math.)
(a) The operation of finding the root of a given number or
quantity.
(b) The method or rule by which the operation is
performed; evolution.
[1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
extraction
n 1: the process of obtaining something from a mixture or
compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means
2: properties attributable to your ancestry; "he comes from good
origins" [syn: origin, descent, extraction]
3: the action of taking out something (especially using effort
or force); "the dentist gave her a local anesthetic prior to
the extraction"